Can you pinpoint Afghanistan on a map? And all of its major cities? Considering it’s a pretty big country, you might be able to point at the area...?
Can you pinpoint Afghanistan on a map? And all of its major cities?
Considering it’s a pretty big country, you might be able to point at the area, at least. And if you think that it’s another ‘Stan’ country, you might be able to figure out that it’s nearby its other ‘Stan’ neighbours.
When most people picture Afghanistan, they often think of rugged mountains, ancient Silk Road routes, and remote villages.
While all of these are part of Afghanistan’s unique identity, there’s a lot more to the map of this fascinating country, especially in its cities.
In this post, we’ll guide you through Afghanistan’s major cities, where they’re located, and what makes each one distinctive.
Is Afghanistan Central Asia or the Middle East?
The Geography of Afghanistan
Map of Afghanistan - Kabul
Map of Afghanistan - Herat
Map of Afghanistan - Kandahar
Map of Afghanistan - Mazar-i-Sharif
Map of Afghanistan - Bamiyan
Map of Afghanistan - Jalalabad
Travel Tips for Navigating Afghanistan’s Map & Major Cities
Is Afghanistan Central Asia or the Middle East?
First up, a hot question.
Is Afghanistan Central Asia or the Middle East? Or South Asia? One look at a map and it’s pretty clear.
Afghanistan, like its neighbours Pakistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan are all in Central Asia.
The Middle East is far off over to the West. But Afghanistan does get grouped together in general rhetoric on the Middle East, which has perhaps become a somewhat politicised term, in many cases simply to refer to ‘Muslim countries’ or, rather, ‘Muslim countries we should worry about’.
Enough on the politics, though.
Now we’ve established where Afghanistan is on the map, let’s take a look at the Afghanistan map and its various areas.
The Geography of Afghanistan
Afghanistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia, bordered by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and China.
It could also be considered as South Asia.
Afghanistan’s landscapes are as varied as its history, with towering mountains, vast deserts, and fertile valleys.
Afghanistan’s major cities are often found in historically strategic locations—along trade routes or in fertile areas.
Let’s take a virtual tour through Afghanistan’s map and explore each of these major cities.
Kabul – Map of Afghanistan
The Capital and Heart of Afghanistan
Location
Central-Eastern Afghanistan is nestled in a narrow valley between mountains.
Highlights
Kabul, the bustling capital, is Afghanistan’s largest city and the centre of its political, cultural, and economic life.
Located along the banks of the Kabul River, it sits around 1,800 meters (5,900 feet) above sea level, giving it a highland climate with cold winters and warm summers.
Kabul is a city that bears visible traces of its complex history, from its ancient citadels and mosques to remnants of Soviet-era architecture.
What to See in Kabul
- Babur Gardens. A historic garden with spectacular views of the city.
- The National Museum of Afghanistan. A treasure trove of Afghan artefacts, showcasing the region’s ancient roots.
- Kabul Bazaar and Chicken Street. Lively markets are perfect for picking up local crafts and souvenirs.
Herat – Map of Afghanistan
The Cultural Heart of Afghanistan
Location
Western Afghanistan, close to the border with Iran.
Highlights
Herat is known as Afghanistan’s cultural hub, with Persian influences evident in its architecture, language, and arts.
The city sits in a lush valley and has been a major stop along the Silk Road for centuries. Herat’s history is steeped in the arts and education, having served as an intellectual centre for poets, scholars, and artists over the centuries.
What to See in Herat
- Friday Mosque (Jami Mosque). Known for its intricate tile work and breathtaking architecture.
- Herat Citadel. A fortress dating back to Alexander the Great, which offers incredible views of the city.
- Musalla Complex. Ruins of an ancient religious complex.
Kandahar – Map of Afghanistan
The Birthplace of Modern Afghanistan
Location
Southern Afghanistan, near the Pakistan border.
Highlights
Kandahar holds a special place in Afghan history as the birthplace of modern Afghanistan. In 1747, Ahmad Shah Durrani, the founder of the modern Afghan state, declared Kandahar his capital.
Today, Kandahar remains culturally significant, with strong Pashtun traditions. The city is situated in a hot desert region, with intense summers and mild winters.
It is also the home ground of the Taliban.
What to See in Kandahar
- Ahmad Shah Durrani’s Mausoleum. The resting place of Afghanistan’s founding father.
- The Old City and Kandahar Bazaar. Explore the traditional markets for a taste of local life.
- Shrine of the Cloak of the Prophet Muhammad. A revered site and one of Afghanistan’s most sacred religious sites.
Mazar-i-Sharif – Map of Afghanistan
A Center of Spirituality and Peace
Location
Northern Afghanistan, close to the border with Uzbekistan.
Highlights
Mazar-i-Sharif, often simply called “Mazar,” is renowned for the stunning Blue Mosque (also known as the Shrine of Hazrat Ali).
This city holds spiritual significance for many Afghans and is an important pilgrimage site. Its location in the northern plains makes it a major economic centre.
What to See
- Blue Mosque (Shrine of Hazrat Ali). Famous for its vibrant blue-tiled exterior and a center for Afghan celebrations, especially during Nowruz (Persian New Year).
- Balkh (Ancient Bactria). Just outside Mazar, Balkh is an ancient city with ruins dating back to Alexander the Great’s time.
Bamiyan – Map of Afghanistan
Afghanistan’s Natural and Cultural Gem
Location
Central Afghanistan, in a valley surrounded by the Hindu Kush mountains.
Highlights
Bamiyan is one of the most picturesque places in Afghanistan, known for its breathtaking valleys, green landscapes, and historical significance.
Once famous for the towering Buddha statues carved into cliffs (destroyed in 2001), Bamiyan remains an important cultural and historical site. Its cooler climate and scenic landscapes make it a unique spot for nature lovers.
What to See in Bamiyan
- Buddha Niches. The remains of the once-towering Buddha statues, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
- Band-e-Amir Lakes. A series of stunning blue lakes surrounded by rugged mountains, ideal for hiking and photography.
- Local Villages and Hiking Trails. For a close-up look at rural Afghan life and some stunning mountain views.
Jalalabad – Map of Afghanistan
A Gateway Between Afghanistan and Pakistan
Location
Eastern Afghanistan, near the Khyber Pass and close to the Pakistan border.
Highlights
Jalalabad’s location between Kabul and Pakistan has made it a key city in Afghan history.
Known for its warmer climate, fertile lands, and lush greenery, Jalalabad is often referred to as the “fruit basket” of Afghanistan.
The city is rich in Pashtun culture, and its proximity to the Khyber Pass has historically linked it to major trade and migration routes.
What to See
- Nangarhar University. A central institution and a symbol of the city’s educational aspirations.
- Darunta Dam and Surrounding Areas. The dam and the surrounding green valleys provide a peaceful escape.
- Tomb of King Amanullah Khan. The resting place of a modernising Afghan king from the early 20th century.
Travel Tips for Navigating Afghanistan’s Map & Major Cities
While each city has its unique charm. Keep in mind the following tips for a smooth experience. And always prioritise safety.
Plan Ahead and Travel with Guides
Local guides and organised tours are essential. Afghanistan’s cities are fascinating but often have strict regulations and cultural norms that need to be respected.
You don’t need a tour to travel to Afghanistan, but with a distinct lack of tourist infrastructure and concerns of safety, it is always a good idea to travel on a group tour.
Adapt to Local Customs
Afghanistan is a conservative country, so dress modestly and be mindful of social norms, especially in the cities.
Stay Informed on Travel Advisories: Some areas may have travel restrictions or heightened security concerns. Always check the latest information and stick to well-known routes.
Afghanistan’s cities may be lesser-known destinations, but they’re each filled with stories and sights that reveal the layers of Afghan history and culture.
From the historical Silk Road influences in Herat to the vibrant bazaars of Kabul and the breathtaking landscapes of Bamiyan, Afghanistan’s cities offer intrepid travellers an unforgettable experience.
So, map it out, take a step back in time, and let Afghanistan’s cities surprise you.
Koryo Tours
Afghanistan Travel Guide
Share