Aleppo in Syria: A Complete Travel Guide to the Ancient City of Culture and Resilience
Aleppo is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. And Syria’s second-largest city.
It’s a city with a history that stretches back more than 8,000 years. And this can be seen in its culture, and architecture today. It flourished as a center on the Silk Road, where caravans from Asia and Europe exchanged goods, ideas, and traditions.
Aleppo is famous for its grand citadel, sprawling souqs, ancient mosques, and unique stone houses.
Although Aleppo endured immense destruction during the Syrian Civil War, and a devastating earthquake that followed, the city is slowly recovering, with restoration projects bringing new life to its monuments.
Geography and Location
Aleppo History
Top Attractions in Aleppo
Getting to Aleppo
Where to Stay in Aleppo
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Geography and Location
Aleppo is located in northern Syria, about 350 kilometers north of Damascus. It sits on a plateau between the Mediterranean coast and the Euphrates River, which made it a key stop for traders for centuries.
Summers are hot and dry, while winters are mild, occasionally bringing rain.
Spring and autumn are ideal for visiting, with comfortable temperatures for exploring its historic sites.
Aleppo History
Ancient History
Aleppo’s roots go back to the third millennium BC. It was mentioned in ancient texts from Ebla and Mari, and its strategic location made it a prize for empires such as the Hittites, Assyrians, and Persians.
Islamic Golden Age
During the medieval period, Aleppo blossomed under the Umayyads, Ayyubids, and Mamluks.
Its mosques, madrasas, and caravanserais reflected the wealth that poured in from Silk Road trade.
Ottoman Era
Under Ottoman rule from the 16th to the early 20th century, Aleppo thrived as a cosmopolitan city.
Merchants from Venice, Persia, India, and Armenia established strong communities here.
Modern Challenges and Resilience
Aleppo became the most populous city in Syria by the 20th century. It was known for its bustling markets and vibrant social life.
The war in the 2010s caused widespread devastation, particularly in the old city.
Yet, despite the scars, Aleppo continues to rebuild.
Aleppo Today
You’d be surprised at the amount of activity and life going on in Aleppo today, from rooftop bars to busy streets. There’s a lot of damage present.
But there’s a whole lot of life going on, too.
Top Attractions in Aleppo
1. The Citadel of Aleppo
The citadel dominates the city’s skyline, standing proudly on a hill at the heart of Aleppo.
This massive fortress dates back to antiquity but reached its peak during the Ayyubid period in the 12th century. Visitors cross a dramatic stone bridge to enter its grand gate, decorated with carvings and defensive towers.
Inside, you can explore mosques, palaces, and underground passages.
It takes about 1-2 hours to walk around. Outside there are nice seating areas to enjoy some drinks and a shisha!
2. The Great Mosque of Aleppo (Umayyad Mosque)
One of the most significant mosques in Syria, the Great Mosque was originally built in the 8th century.
Its stunning courtyard and minaret were iconic symbols of Aleppo before much of the mosque was damaged during the war.
Reconstruction is ongoing. As of mid-2024, the outside was almost complete and the inside getting there, too!
3. Aleppo’s Souqs
Aleppo’s covered markets were once among the largest in the world, stretching for kilometers through the old city.
Known for spices, soaps, textiles, and gold, the souqs were the beating heart of trade.
Although damaged, sections of the souqs are being restored.
4. The Armenian Quarter and Churches
Aleppo was home to a large Armenian community, and its churches and neighborhoods remain an essential part of the city’s identity.
5. Traditional Aleppine Houses
Aleppo is famous for its traditional stone houses, built around courtyards with fountains and shaded trees.
Some have been restored and turned into boutique hotels or cultural centers.
6. The National Museum of Aleppo
Although its collections were evacuated for protection during the war, the museum is still worth a visit.
Getting to Aleppo
Aleppo is connected by road to Damascus, Hama, and Latakia.
A drive north from Damascus takes around five to six hours, passing through Homs.
Where to Stay in Aleppo
Accommodation options are slowly returning. Some highlights include:
- Restored traditional homes - turned into boutique guesthouses.
- Mid-range hotels - modern amenities close to the old city. Some have great rooftop bars, too!
- Basic hostels - budget travelers.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Why is Aleppo famous? Aleppo is famous for being one of the world’s oldest cities, for its citadel, souqs, and rich culinary traditions.
2. Is Aleppo safe to visit in 2025? Yes, Aleppo has reopened to visitors, but travelers should always check updated advisories.
3. What is the most famous food in Aleppo? Kibbeh Aleppo and muhammara are among the city’s signature dishes.
4. How do I get from Damascus to Aleppo? The drive takes around five to six hours by road.
5. Can I stay inside the old city of Aleppo? Yes, several restored traditional homes offer accommodation, providing an authentic experience.
6. What should I buy in Aleppo? Aleppo soap, spices, and traditional textiles are popular souvenirs.
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